DINAMIKA ETIKA DALAM PENERAPAN REWARD DAN PUNISHMENT PADA PENDIDIKAN ISLAM
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30739/tarbiyatuna.v6i2.4502Abstract
Reward dan punishment merupakan strategi pedagogis yang lazim digunakan dalam pendidikan Islam untuk membentuk perilaku dan akhlak peserta didik. Namun, penerapan yang tidak berlandaskan etika berpotensi menimbulkan ketergantungan pada motivasi eksternal serta berdampak negatif terhadap perkembangan psikologis peserta didik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dimensi etika dalam penerapan reward dan punishment berdasarkan perspektif pendidikan Islam serta kritik kontemporer dalam kajian motivasi belajar. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif melalui studi kepustakaan dengan sumber data berupa Al-Qur’an, hadis, buku, dan jurnal ilmiah yang relevan. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif-analitik dengan menitikberatkan pada nilai-nilai etika Islam, seperti keadilan, rahmah, hikmah, dan orientasi tarbiyah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa reward efektif dalam meningkatkan motivasi positif apabila diberikan secara proporsional dan bermakna, sedangkan punishment hanya dibenarkan sebagai sarana edukatif yang bersifat mendidik tanpa merendahkan martabat peserta didik. Kritik psikologi modern menegaskan bahwa ketidakseimbangan penerapan reward dan punishment dapat melemahkan motivasi intrinsik. Implikasi penelitian ini menunjukkan pentingnya strategi pembelajaran yang etis dan reflektif dengan menempatkan reward dan punishment sebagai instrumen pendukung pendidikan karakter. Penerapan yang berlandaskan nilai-nilai Islam berkontribusi pada pembentukan motivasi internal dan tanggung jawab moral peserta didik sesuai tujuan tarbiyah Islam.
Downloads
References
Adi, S. (2020). Filsafat Ilmu dan Adab: Rekonstruksi Epistemologis Pendidikan Islam Berbasis Pemikiran Al-Attas. Pustaka Pelajar.
Adler, M. J. (1982). The Paideia proposal: An educational manifesto. Macmillan.
Al-Attas, S. M. N. (1980). The Concept of Education in Islam: A Framework for an Islamic Philosophy of Education. ABIM.
Al-Attas, S. M. N. (1993). Islam and secularism. International Institute of Islamic Thought and Civilization (ISTAC).
Al-Attas, S. M. N. (2001). Prolegomena to the metaphysics of Islam: An exposition of the fundamental elements of the worldview of Islam. International Institute of Islamic Thought and Civilization (ISTAC).
Al-Attas, S. M. N. (2019). Islam: The Concept of Religion and the Foundation of Ethics and Morality. Ta’dib International.
Al-Faruqi, I. R. (1982). Tawh?d: Its Implications for Thought and Life. IIIT.
Arif, M. (2021). The crisis of modern science and the Islamic worldview: A new reading of Syed Muhammad Naquib al-Attas’s critique. Tsaqafah: Jurnal Peradaban Islam, 17(1), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.21111/tsaqafah.v17i1.5432
Ashraf, S. A., & Husein, S. S. (1979). Aims and Objectives of Islamic Education. Hodder & Stoughton.
Biesta, G. (2022). World-Centred Education: A View for the Present. Routledge.
Giroux, H. A. (2020). On Critical Pedagogy (2nd ed.). Bloomsbury Academic.
Hasan, M., & Taufiq, M. (2023). Ahmad Dahlan and the Moderate, Humanist, and Non-Sectarian Islam. International Journal of Islamic Thought. https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85180082702&partnerID=40&md5=264a2752199f36f0ac71fc31d7f6b64d
Hashemi, N., & Moussalli, A. S. (2021). The “Secular Age” in the Muslim World: Reflections on Charles Taylor and the Challenge of Modernity. Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Studies, 45(2), 201–220.
Hashim, R. (1996). Educational Dualism in Malaysia: Implications for Theory and Practice. Oxford University Press.
Hidayat, R. (2022). Adab as a core concept in Al-Attas’s philosophy of education: Its relevance for character education in Indonesia. Qudus International Journal of Islamic Studies, 10(1), 147–176. https://doi.org/10.21043/qijis.v10i1.10987
Hussain, S. V, & Ahmed, A. (2022). Perennial Philosophy and the Crisis of Modern Education: A Critical Appraisal of Guénon and Al-Attas. Sophia: International Journal of Philosophy and Traditions, 61(3), 501–520.
Ikhwan, M., & Huda, M. (2023). Al-Attas’s Islamization of knowledge: A philosophical response to the challenges of modern education. Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 9(2), 112–128. https://doi.org/10.15575/jpi.v9i2.23451
Kamal, M. H. (2024). The Man of Adab (al-Insan al-Adabi) as the Telos of Education: A Contemporary Reading of Al-Attas. Journal of Islamic Ethics, 8, 50–72. https://doi.org/10.1163/24685542-12340098
Lestari, P., & Hardivizon, H. (2023). The Loss of Adab in Digital Era: Analyzing Social Media Behavior through Al-Attas’s Lens. Tsaqafah: Jurnal Peradaban Islam, 19(1), 22–40.
Lubis, A. Y. (2022). The perennial philosophy in the thought of Syed Muhammad Naquib al-Attas and its educational implications. Afkaruna: Indonesian Interdisciplinary Journal of Islamic Studies, 18(1), 215–240. https://doi.org/10.24252/afkaruna.v18i1.27890
Muttaqin, A. (2023). The concept of Ta’d?b in Al-Attas’s thought and its application in contemporary Islamic boarding schools. Tadris: Jurnal Keguruan Dan Ilmu Tarbiyah, 8(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.24042/tadris.v8i1.15678
Nasr, S. H. (1989). Knowledge and the Sacred. State University of New York Press.
Rahman, F. A. (2024). Re-sacralizing nature: An Al-Attasian critique of environmental education in secular schools. Islam & Science, 21(1), 45–63.
Robinson, K. (2021). Imagine if... Creating a future for us all. Penguin Books.
Suharto, U. (2022). The Problem of Knowledge in the Modern World: An Al-Attasian Perspective on the Artificial Intelligence Era. Journal of Islamic Thought and Civilization, 12(2), 155–173.
Taylor, C. (2018). A secular age. The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press.
Wan Daud, W. M. N. (2021). The educational philosophy of Syed Muhammad Naquib Al-Attas: An intellectual biography revisited. Islam & Civilisational Renewal, 12(1), 7–25.
Yusuf, M. Y., & Said, H. M. (2023). The impact of secular-liberal values on Muslim youth: An analysis based on Al-Attas’s framework. American Journal of Islam and Society, 40(1/2), 55–78. https://doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v40i1-2.2876
Zakiyyah, I., Suparto, & Maswani. (2024). Learning Management of Islamic Religious Education Based on Digital Technology. 2024 12th International Conference on Cyber and IT Service Management, CITSM 2024.
Zulheldi, M., & Azizan, N. A. (2022). From utilitarianism to ’ubudiyyah: Reframing the purpose of higher education based on Al-Attas’s worldview. Al-Shajarah: Journal of the International Institute of Islamic Thought and Civilization (ISTAC), 27(2), 279–301.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Citation Check
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Nur Amalina, Nur Amalina Abdul Rahman, Mardiah Wahyuni, Siti Rondhiyah
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish in Jurnal Tarbiyatuna: Jurnal Kajian Pendidikan, Pemikiran dan Pengembangan Pendidikan Islam agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-SA 4.0) Licensethat allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
